Handheld Instructional Technology

Faculty development strategies using handhelds

Faculty development strategies for integrating handhelds into higher education
Darla Ausel
Jeanne Vilberg
Clarion University of PA
http://www.clarion.edu/ltc/learning/etools/aect2004

Faculty invited to participate in project
1 year project - PT3 grant
Efforts to match what K12 is doing in integrating technology
Will faculty have problems in large numbers?

Project goals
Develop curricula to integrate the use of PDAs
Identify support and training needs
Form a collaborative partnership (mentor) with other faculty who are using technology in their courses
Create a web presence to share findings

Phases
1) Investigate/learn/evaluate

What resources are out there?
How do we evaluate resources ?
How do we use these resources ?
How do we apply these technologies to our discipline?

Project WHIRL is a three-year research project funded by the National Science Foundation to demonstrate how handheld technology can help students improve learning in hands-on science activities. Researchers at SRI International's Center for Technology in Learning and teachers from the Beaufort County (S.C.) School District are designing and testing software to help students improve:

the quality of their scientific questions
their procedures for data collection, recording, and analysis; and,
their understanding of complex sequences and processes in nature
2) Identify needs and develop pilot projects

What did we learn?
What did we need to implement handheld instruction in the classroom?
What are the key support issues?

Phase 2
Pilot Project Development
Questions:

• What did we learn?

• What do we need to implement
handheld use in the classroom?

• What are the key support issues?

Phase 2 Activities

What Do We Need?
PDAs and Peripherals
What It Cost*
Other Hardware
Presentation Hardware
Develop Project Ideas
• English Literature
– Teams and collaboration

• Social Studies
– Interactive slide lectures that combine Internet visuals and Palm photos

• Literacy Project
– College of Education students as language tutors

Develop Project Ideas
• Special Education
– Pre-service teachers working with secondary students with learning disabilities

• Music
– Create, edit, perform, submit, share, and critique composition assignments

• Honors
– Study of Canadian/American dialects
Phase 3
Deployment and Support
Questions:

• How do we organize and distribute PDAs?

• How much training do students need?

• What obstacles are there?
Evaluation
• Surveys
– Student
– Faculty

Discussion

Resources
• Literature List
http://scienceview.berkeley.edu/research/handheld/

• Idea Bank
http://www.palmgrants.sri.com/ideabank.html

• University of South Dakota
http://www.usd.edu/pda/

PDA Based instructional strategies on motivation self regulation and academic performance

Donna Gabrielle
PDA Based instructional strategies on motivation self regulation and academic performance

US Military Academy 2001-2002
- Instructor experience varies widely from academy professors to young officers
- Interpretation of the Thayer Method encourages board work and lecture
- Leadership is working to improve self directed learning
- Homogenous population
- Ideal environment for experimental research

Technology is not the solution

Berge and Collins (1995) propose 3 concepts
1) Learners have different learning styles
2) Students construct their own meaning thru learninng
3) Retention and transfer are enhanced much by what is taugh but by what students learn themselves

Kellers ARCS model
Attention
Relevance
Confidence
Satisfaction

10 Step ARCS Analysis

Gaps in the literature
Visser and Keller (1990)
Visser, Plomp and 2002
Perraton 2000
Need more empirical studieies
Need to consider social and situational learning
Need to develop systematic approaches to improve motivation

Song 1998 motivationally adapted computed aided instruction
Preczewscki 1997 studied self directed learning
Visser 1990
L Visser 1998 Motivational message support system
Beatty 2002 instructional methods and messages
Boyer 2001 framework social context of interaction

Would the use of social context of motivational messages be improved by using technology to deliver messages? PDAS?

Keller (1999)

Existing content - Technology mediated strategies - delivered via technologies -

784 cadets in the study
12 courses
Varied content

Motivational message - content - survey - message

Developed from performance objectives
Used Kellers ARCS model
Delivered via PDA and web

Formative evaluation of TMIS
SD For treatment group students who used TMIS

http://gabrielleconsulting.com/conferences

Handheld Workshop at AECT

Project Numina
UNCW PT3 Grant Archive

How are educators/students using handhelds in k-12?
- collect & organize student information to individualize instruction
- involve students in meaningful learning activities during instruction
- pre and post assessment
- classroom management
- management of student behaviors
- completing assigmentments
- Scientific research
6 studies handheld graphing - Texas Instruments 2003 positive impacts on students learning
26 such studies report benefits of student response systems (ti-navigator
- Results of research on effects on technology on teaching and learning
Computer technology is used to provide student access to information and improve student motivation
More than 50% of teachers do not use computers for instructional purposes
Technology alone does not have a significant effect on teaching and learning unless certain learning conditions exist
What are the conditions that improve learning with the handheld?
- Connectedness
- Active learning
- Feedback
- Social interaction
- Learning environment
- Clear expectation
- Self-monitoring/self regulation
- Learning context
Principles of instruction
- well managed learning environment
- communicate clear expectations
- physical setting
- prior knowledges
- appropriate learning strategies
- diverse learning strategies
- active learning
- collaborationg
- monitoring
An action - instructional model for Handheld instructional technology
1) Preinstructional strategies
- Assess prior knowledge
- Assess learning styles
- Physical setting
- Identify setting
2) Instructional strategies
- Communicate clear expectations
- Activate prior knowledge and motivation
- Provide stimulus material
- Active participation
- Scaffolding
Self regulation
Monitoring
3) Post instructional strategies
- Assessment
- performance and instruction
Classroom Wizard